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#1 2008-05-21 01:20:05

marcela
Budding Entrepreneur
From: makati city/quirino province
Registered: 2008-02-16
Posts: 271

JOSE RIZAL - a polymath, a polyglot and a national hero

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Jose_rizal_01.jpg/180px-Jose_rizal_01.jpg

Dr. José P. Rizal (full name: José Protasio Rizal Mercado y Alonso Realonda) (June 19, 1861 – December 30, 1896) was a Filipino polymath, nationalist and the most prominent advocate for reforms in the Philippines during the Spanish colonial era.  He is considered a national hero and the anniversary of Rizal's death is commemorated as a Philippine holiday called Rizal Day.  Rizal's 1896 military trial and execution made him a martyr of the Philippine Revolution.

The seventh of eleven children born to a middle class family in the town of Calamba, Laguna, Rizal attended the Ateneo Municipal de Manila, earning a Bachelor of Arts degree sobresaliente.  He enrolled in the University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Medicine and Surgery and the University of Santo Tomas Faculty of Philosophy and Letters and then traveled alone to Madrid, Spain, where he studied medicine at the Universidad Central de Madrid, earning the degree of Licentiate in Medicine.  He attended the University of Paris and earned a second doctorate at the University of Heidelberg.  Rizal was a polyglot conversant in at least ten languages.  He was a prolific poet, essayist, diarist, correspondent, and novelist whose most famous works were his two novels, Noli me Tangere and El Filibusterismo.  These are social commentaries on the Philippines that formed the nucleus of literature that inspired dissent among peaceful reformists and spurred the militancy of armed revolutionaries against 333 years of Spanish rule.

As a political figure, Rizal was the founder of La Liga Filipina, a civic organization that subsequently gave birth to the Katipunan led by Andres Bonifacio and Emilio Aguinaldo.  He was a proponent of institutional reforms by peaceful means rather than by violent revolution.  The general consensus among Rizal scholars, however, attributed his martyred death as the catalyst that precipitated the Philippine Revolution.

Documented studies show him to be a polymath with the ability to master various skills and subjects.  He was an ophthalmologist, sculptor, painter, educator, farmer, historian, playwright and journalist.  Besides poetry and creative writing, he dabbled, with varying degrees of expertise, in architecture, cartography, economics, ethnology, anthropology, sociology, dramatics, martial arts, fencing and pistol shooting.  He was a Freemason.

More on Rizal's family, education, travels, writings, persecutions, exile in Dapitan, last days, execution, etc.


_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

polymath - (Greek polymathēs, πολυμαθής, "having learned much")  is a person with encyclopedic, broad, or varied knowledge or learning. 

polyglot - may refer to:

    * Multilingualism, a single speaker who uses two or more languages, or a community of speakers where two or more languages are used.

    * Hyperpolyglot, one who can speak six or more languages fluently.



Source:  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymath
             http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyglot

Last edited by marcela (2008-05-21 02:37:33)


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#2 2008-05-21 02:29:20

marcela
Budding Entrepreneur
From: makati city/quirino province
Registered: 2008-02-16
Posts: 271

Re: JOSE RIZAL - a polymath, a polyglot and a national hero

Most of us had known Dr. Jose Rizal as our national hero.  Only few know him as a polymath and a polyglot.

Here's a list of some of the recognized polymaths:

  Aristotle (384–322 BC); "Aristotle was an extraordinary polymath..."

  Leone Battista Alberti (1404–1472), "often considered the archetype of the Renaissance polymath"

  Blaise Pascal (1623–1662) was a French mathematician, philosopher and theologian.

  Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790), "The ultimate creole intellectual... A true polymath of the Enlightenment style, he distinguished himself on both sides of the Atlantic by researches in natural sciences as well as politics and literature."  He was a leading author, political theorist, politician, printer, scientist, inventor, civic activist, and diplomat.

  Mikhail Lomonosov (1711–1765), "Lomonosov was a true polymath—physicist, chemist, natural scientist, poet and linguist...."

  Thomas Jefferson (1743-1826), some sources describe him as "polymath and President," putting "polymath" first;[90] John F. Kennedy famously commented, addressing a group of Nobel laureates, that it was "the most extraordinary collection of talent, of human knowledge, that has ever been gathered together at the White House—- with the possible exception of when Thomas Jefferson dined alone."

  Mary Somerville (1780–1872), "Somerville was the most celebrated woman scientist of her time. A polymath, she wrote on astronomy, mathematics, physics, chemistry, mineralogy, and geology, among other subjects."

  Charles Peirce (1839–1914), was a mathematician, astronomer, chemist, geodesist, surveyor, cartographer, metrologist, spectroscopist, engineer, inventor; psychologist, philologist, lexicographer, historian, economist, lifelong student of medicine; book reviewer, dramatist, actor, short story writer; phenomenologist, semiotician, logician, rhetorician and metaphysician.

  Jose Rizal (1861-1896), a Filipino polygot, linguist, novelist, poet, journalist, opthalmologist, anthropologist, ethnologist, artist, sociologist and national hero. Rizal's 1896 military trial and execution made him a martyr of the Philippine Revolution. He is considered to be the "Pride of the Malay race".

  Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941), an Indian Bengali polymath; "He was a polymath: a poet, fiction writer, dramatist, painter, educator, political thinker, philosopher of science."

  Edward Heron-Allen (1861–1943) "Heron-Allen is better described as a polymath..."  Not only was Heron-Allen a lawyer by trade, he also wrote, lectured on and created violins, was an expert on the art of chiromancy or palmistry, having read palms and analysed the handwriting of luminaries of the period. He wrote on musical, literary and scientific subjects ranging from foraminifera, marine zoology, meteorology, as a Persian scholar translated Classics such as the Rubaiyat of Omar Khayyam and The Lament of Baba Tahir, also wrote on local geographic history, archeology, Buddhist philosophy, the cultivation, gourmet appreciation of and culture of the asparagus, as well as a number of novels and short stories of science fiction and horror written under his pseudonymn of "Christopher Blayre."

Click here to see the list of other polymaths.


It's better to be ignorant for few seconds or minutes than to be ignorant forever.
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#3 2008-05-22 17:29:50

rusbal
Administrator
From: Comembo, Makati City
Registered: 2008-02-16
Posts: 482
Website

Re: JOSE RIZAL - a polymath, a polyglot and a national hero

Jose Rizal, a polymath.  He's not just a hero but he stood shoulder-to-shoulder with the world's greatest minds!

Mabuhay to our national hero and to us all.

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#4 2008-07-25 11:13:43

gusher
Member
From: Iloilo
Registered: 2008-07-09
Posts: 35
Website

Re: JOSE RIZAL - a polymath, a polyglot and a national hero

yah, i do agree. even Spaniards knew how good Dr. Jose Rizal is. And a lot of non-filipino individuals idolize our national hero.

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